Introduction To Deep-Well Pumps

The defining characteristic of a deep-well pump is the integration of the electric motor and the pump unit into a single assembly designed for submersion in groundwater wells to extract and transport water. These pumps are widely used in agricultural irrigation and drainage, industrial and mining operations, municipal water supply and drainage, and sewage treatment. Because the motor is also submerged in water, its structural design requirements differ from those of standard motors; the motor configurations fall into four categories: dry-type, semi-dry-type, oil-filled, and wet-type.

Before startup, the suction pipe and the pump casing must be filled with liquid. Upon startup, the impeller rotates at high speed, causing the contained liquid to rotate along with the vanes; driven by centrifugal force, the liquid is flung outward from the impeller. As the ejected liquid enters the diffuser chamber within the pump casing, its velocity gradually decreases while its pressure rises, eventually discharging through the pump outlet and discharge pipe. Simultaneously, the displacement of liquid creates a low-pressure vacuum zone-devoid of both air and liquid-at the center of the vanes. Driven by atmospheric pressure acting on the liquid surface, fluid from the source flows through the suction pipe into the pump; this process enables the continuous extraction of liquid from the source and its subsequent discharge through the outlet pipe.
Basic parameters: Include flow rate, head, pump rotational speed, required power, rated current, efficiency, discharge pipe diameter, etc.

Submersible pump components: Comprises a control cabinet, submersible cable, rising main (discharge pipe), submersible pump unit, and submersible motor.
Scope of application: Includes mine emergency operations, construction site drainage, agricultural irrigation and drainage, industrial water circulation, municipal and residential water supply, and emergency disaster relief.